Jane Jacobs - The Death And Life Of Great American Cities

JANE JACOBS THE DEATH AND LIFE OF GREAT AMERICAN CITIESJane Jacobs 1961 work The purpose and Life of Great American Cities examines the problems with post-World state of war II urban planning and argue that cities should embrace visual and loving innovation , fundamental fundamental interaction , and mixed uses in neighborhoods . She aims her most pointed criticisms at the pitch-dark urban renewal projects of the 1950s and `60s , which she argues disrupted neighborhood fabrics and worsened urban conditions instead of improving themQUESTION ONEJacobs argues that great cities require must(prenominal) carriage beyond simply neighborhoods and take a more than holistic approach , with safe streets clear delineations between macrocosm and clannish spaces , small blocks , and unhopeful-rise buildings from which the sidewal ks be easily perceptible . Great urban environments literally start with the streets and sidewalks , where people interact with both integrity another throughout the day and the built environment . resilient cities need and should encourage genial interactions , sop up a variety of uses (residential and commercial should have spaces that allow such(prenominal) interaction ( like safe streets and parks , and should embrace a ground aim of social and visual diversity . She also maintains that cities do not need to be decentralized or redistributed , as planners of the time were doing , and that planners must heed cities social and physical realities diverseness of than imposing theories . Urban renewal projects often fail because they are too large in scale , omit divers(a) creature comforts (many were mostly commercial projects for example , and were homogeneous spaces where social interaction did not frequently occur throughout the dayQUESTION TWOForms of social interaction (other than those created by pub! lic spaces like social organizations and residential classes circumspection because they unite people from different backgrounds and neighborhoods , and heathen organizations help slang and include newcomers , who often find urban behavior isolate and alienating . They need to transcend neighborhood and ethnic boundaries , as Jacobs says , [City] people are mobile .

[and] are not stuck with the sectionalism of a neighborhood , any why should they be ? Isn t simple choice and rich opportunity the point of cities (Jacobs 116 ) isolation , Jacobs claims , is injurious for cities because it contributes more to crime and slum development than low income aloneQUESTION THREEJacobs believes that post-World War II urban planners had good intentions but utilise strange methods of dealing with cities , often because they adhered to theories instead of examining cities realities which often contradicted the theories and principles they use . In addition , she claims they had an innate fear and disdain for cities favoring suburbs (much like the national government did , with highway construction and the FHA s suburban mold ) and applying methods to cities that overlook the conditions necessary for social interaction and public natural refuge . Planners often embraced urban renewal projects such as glorious housing projects and large commercial complexes , which failed because their size discouraged percipient monitoring of the sidewalks and streets , did not generate sufficient pedestrian production line at all times of day , lacked a residue of amenities with residences , and p romoted more danger and less use than...If you lack ! to get a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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